"Sola" Copernican Planetarium

User's Guide

1. Launch Application

After booting, lay the device on its side and hold it forward. You can see the starry sky and the horizon. The directions are displayed on the horizon. The observing location is in Tokyo. You can change to the desired location in the settings.


  When you feel that the azimuth is incorrect

2. Usage as a constellation guide / planet guide

Please hold the device in various directions. The starry sky that should be visible in that direction is displayed (even in the daytime).

settings

If you feel that the field of vision is too narrow, you can widen the field of view (wide-angle display) with two-finger pinch action or the "wide angle display" button that is at the right end of the screen.
 If you want to enlarge the moon or the planet, you can enlarge the center of the field of view using the two-finger reverse pinch action or the "Telephoto display" button.

Telephoto display
Wide angle display

3. Swipe the field of view

The starry sky displayed on the screen depends on the direction of the device is held. However, if you want to decide the direction that you can see manually, you can change the operation mode alternately with the next toggle button. In manual mode you can change the viewing direction with one finger swipe.

manual mode operation
sensor mode operation

4. Time settings

The starry sky at the current time is displayed, but you can change the time freely.
You can set the time with the "time settings" button in the main menu.

Time settings

You can control the time with the time change button. For example, Tapping the "+1dy" button makes the 1-day time advances. If you press and hold(long tap) the "+1dy" button, time advances continuously, one day at a time. If you tap the "+1dy" button repeatedly, it will advance continuously and quickly.

If you proceed for one hour, you will be able to observe the hourly diurnal motion of the starry sky. Let\'s observe the movement direction of stars and the movement of stars around the Polaris.
If you proceed one day at a time, you will be observing at the same time every day, So you can observe the daily revolution of the moon and the daily revolution of the planet.

5. Departure to space

You can take the sightseeing spaceship and leave for space. To depart to space, use the button on the right side of the screen.

Departure to space

In order not to lose sight of the Earth immediately after takeoff, it is good to watch the horizon. As the spaceship advances, you can see the topography of the starting point, the whole earth, and finally, you can go far further from the earth. To return to the earth, use the "Return to Earth" button.

Return to the Earth

If you lose sight of the earth, press and hold the "Return to Earth" button or tap the following "return home" button to return to the state at startup.

Return home

6. Watch the rotation and revolution of the earth from outer space

Leaving the earth by the sightseeing spaceship, you can see the rotation and revolution of the earth from outer space.
When you are on the ground and immediately after you depart, you will see the following sign on the right side of the time display. (This is not a button to tap)

Ground mode (Rotation tracking mode)

As long as the sign abobe appears, even if you go out in space, you can not see the Earth's rotation because the spacecraft is moving along with the Earth's rotation.
As you go a little further from the earth you will see the following sign.

Rotation observation mode (revolution tracking mode)

When the sign abobe is displayed, the sightseeing spaceship moves in synchronization with the revolution of the earth. You can observe the rotation of the earth from the spaceship by pressing and holding the "+1dy" button in the time setting scene. However, we cannot observe the revolution of the earth.
As you go a little further from the earth you will see the following sign.

Revolution observation mode (interplanetary fixed mode)

When the sign abobe comes out, the spaceship will be independent of the earth's revolution. Therefore, we can also observe the revolution of the earth. If you press and hold the "+1wk" button or another in time-setting, you can see the earth's revolution well.

7. Operation outside the earth

When you leave the earth and the earth appears to be round, you can perform the two-finger operation. With a two-finger swipe, you can move the viewpoint. You can also rotate the view with a two-finger rotation action.

While watching the solar system disc, if you are spinning around with a two-finger swipe, you may not know whether you are seeing the solar system from the north side or from the south side. In such a case, turn on the "Bugdroid" button in "settings". Then Bugdroid will appear in between the Mars orbits and the Jupiter orbits (asteroid belt) and walk in the same direction as the Earth revolves. The head side of Bugdroid will be north.

8. Observation of the Earth's rotation and revolution

Compared to the revolution radius of the earth, the size of the earth is extremely small, so this application displays the sun, the planets (including the earth), the satellites (including the moon) larger than they are. (deformation)
To see the true appearance of rotation and revolution, it is necessary to release the deformation.
When "Magic of Deformation" in " settings " is turned OFF, the deformation will be canceled and the scale becomes actual. (You may get lost if you do not operate this while on the ground.)
When you go out into space on a real scale and observe the rotation and revolution of the earth, you can observe that it takes less than 10 minutes for the Earth to travel the same distance as its diameter.

9. Observation of the Moon and its orbit

In the evening, if you see a crescent moon in the western sky, let's check the relative positions of the Earth, the Moon, and the sun.
leave for outer space slowly with the "Departure to space" button with paying attention so as not to lose sight of the earth and crescent moon.
The wide-angle option is recommended when the Earth and Moon are likely to be out of sight.
Furthermore, Continue to keep looking at the moon and the earth will appear to be round as follows.


Going further, the orbit of the moon seems to be round and you can see that the angle formed by the moon, the earth, and the sun is about 45 degrees.
Let's check the orbital plane of the moon and the orbital plane of the earth again as we return to the earth.

The following "observation" button allows you to adjust the date and time, when you observe the crescent moon, the waxing half-moon (first quarter), the full moon, or the waning half-moon (last quarter).

observation

10. Observation of lunar eclipse

From the " observation " button, you can select the "lunar eclipse" button and you can choose the total lunar eclipse that you want to observe.
In the lunar eclipse scene, the deformation is canceled automatically, so it seems that the moon has suddenly become smaller and it may be hard to find the moon, but this is the actual size.
"Telephoto" makes the screen suitable for observing the shape of the moon. Since the total lunar eclipse is a phenomenon of about 3 hours, it is good to observe with fast forward after rewinding for several hours.
Let's check from which side the moon is disappearing and from which side the moon is restoring.
When observation is over, use the return home button to restore the state at startup. (The deformation will also become effective.)

11. Observation of solar eclipse

From the " observation " button, you can select "solar eclipse" and you can choose the solar eclipse that you want to observe.
In the solar eclipse scene, the deformation is canceled automatically, so it seems that the sun has suddenly become smaller and it may be hard to find the sun, but this is the actual size.
"Telephoto" makes the screen suitable for observing the shape of the sun. Since the solar eclipse is a phenomenon of about an hour, it is good to watch it by fast forward after rewinding for about 1 hour. Let's check from which side the sun is disappearing and from which side the sun is restoring.
During the solar eclipse, if you jump out into space,  you can see the moon's shadow on the earth. (You may need to change the view angle with a two-finger swipe.) When observation is over, use the return home button to restore the state at startup. (The deformation will also becomes effective.)

12. Setting of observing location

When you start for the first time, the observing location is in Tokyo. By selecting "observing location" from the " settings " button you can change the observing location. You can enter the latitude/longitude as it is, or you may acquire the location information that the device has. (It is necessary to set the authority of the location of the Android OS.)

13. If the Earth's rotation stops

We cannot stop the rotation of the real earth, but you can stop the rotation of the earth in the application.
Leave the earth and proceed to " rotation observation (revolution tracking) mode ". In " time settings ", long-press the "+1dy" button to see the rotation of the earth. Then, press the following "If Earth" button.

If Earth ...

When you select "stop rotation", the rotation stops. Let's go back to the ground. Because the rotation is stopped, the constellation will not move even if time passes. (Diurnal movement has stopped.)
However, the earth orbits around the sun, and the planets continue to move. If you fast forward the time with time settings "(eg long-press" +1wk ") you will see that the sun rises from the west and sets to the east. It will take a year for the sun to return to the same position.
For observing only the movement of the planets it may be convenient to stop the rotation of the earth.

14. If the Earth's revolution stops

We cannot stop the revolution of the real earth, but you can stop the revolution of the earth in the application.
Leave the earth and proceed to "Revolution observation mode (interplanetary fixed mode)". In " time settings " long-press "+1dy" to make the state of the earth look and revolution visible. Then, press the "If Earth" button.
If you select "stop revolution", the revolution will stop. Please go back to the ground and observe how starry movement is going on. What will happen if you also stop rotation at the same time?

15. If the inclination of the Earth's axis of rotation is 0

This is also impossible, but let's try it.
Leave the earth and proceed to "Rotation observation mode (revolution tracking mode)". In "time settings" long press the "+1dy" button to make the state of the earth visible. Press the "If Earth" button, and press "Earth inclination 0". The earth's axis will stand perpendicular to the plane of revolution of the earth.
Let's go back to the ground.
The north celestial pole is in Draco Constellation, and the center of the diurnal movement is there.
The sun rises from the due east at 6 am and sets due west at 6 pm throughout the year.
When you deactivate the deformation and observe the sunrise time and the sunset time carefully, it fluctuates about 15 minutes throughout the year. Selecting "If Earth" and "perfect Circle Orbit", the earth will have a perfect circle instead of an elliptical orbit. Then, this fluctuation disappears.

16. If Earth inclination is 90

This is also impossible, but let's try it.
Leave the earth and proceed to "Rotation observation mode (revolution tracking mode)". In "time settings" long-press the "+1dy" button to make the state of the earth visible. Press " If Earth " button, and press "Earth inclination 90". The earth's axis will topple sideways. The tip of the axis of the north side points to the position where the sun exists on the summer solstice point.
Let's go back to the ground.
The north celestial pole is at the feet of Gemini Constellation, and the center of the diurnal movement is there.
On the summer solstice, the sun is in the North Pole of the sky. The sun does not set in the summer. On the contrary, the sun does not rise in winter. The earth will have a tough climate if it comes to this.

17. Explanation of planetary movements by the geocentric theory

Up to this point, we have taken a position grounded on the heliocentric theory. Let's try different ones.
Leave the earth and proceed to " revolution observation (interplanetary fixed) mode ".
In " time settings " long-press the "+1dy" button to make the state of the earth rotation and revolution visible specifically.
Press the " If Earth " button.
If you choose "Static at the center of the universe" "Rotating at the center of the universe 1" or "Rotating at the center of the universe 2", the Earth-centered universe will appear.

"Still at the center of the universe" will explain the movements of stars and planets in the geocentric theory. Because the earth is stationary, the celestial spheres go around the earth once a day.
In 'Rotating at the center of the universe 1', the earth rotates on the center of the universe. The sun accompanied by the planets/satellites other than the Earth/Moon revolves around the earth. This will also explain the movements of stars and planets in the geocentric theory.
In "Rotating at the center of the universe 2", the epicycle model is displayed. This will also explain the movements of stars and planets in the geocentric theory.

In the simulation of these three geocentric theories, the position of the planets are calculated in the heliocentric theory, and the viewpoint is changed so that they can be shown in the geocentric, and then orbits are drawn.
In either simulation, if you return to the Earth, the movement of the constellation and the solar planet is the same at all with that of the heliocentric theory.
Please investigate the history of the geocentric theory and the heliocentric theory.

Q&A 1. When you feel that the azimuth display is strange.

Q&A 2. The difference between the operation of one finger and two fingers